بسمة
03-09-2006, 12:43 PM
السلام عليكم..
هذه مقالة باللغة الانجليزية وقد تم ترجمتها للغة العربية ضمن مساق نظرية عمارة 2..
اتمني تكون مفيدة..
المقالة لاختي سميرة..
المقالة بالانجليزية..
Landscape design is the art, planning, design, management, preservation and rehabilitation of the land and the design of large-scale man-made constructs. The scope of the profession includes architectural design, site planning, estate development, environmental restoration, town or urban planning, park and recreation planning, regional planning, and historic preservation.
Landscape architects are considered professionals on par with architects and engineers, because they are often required to obtain specialized education and professional licensure, similar to the requirements for those other professional occupations.
Activities of a landscape architect can range from the creation of public parks and parkways to the site planning for corporate office buildings, from the design of residential estates to the design of civil infrastructures and the management of large wilderness areas or reclamation of degraded landscapes such as mines or landfills.
Landscape architects work on all types of external space - large or small, urban or rural, and with 'hard'/'soft' materials, hydrology and ecological issues.
The most valuable contribution is often made at the earliest stage of a project in generating ideas and bringing flair and creativity to the use of space. The landscape architect can contribute to the overall concept and prepare an initial master plan, from which detailed designs can subsequently be prepared. He or she can also let and supervise contracts for construction work, prepare design impact assessments, conduct environmental assessments or audits and act as an expert witness at enquiries on land use. He or she can also support or prepare applications for capital or revenue funding grants.
Landscape designers are involved in garden, landscape design and creation of all types of outdoor green spaces. Many work in public offices in central and local government. Others work in private practice and act as consultants to public authorities, industry and commerce, and to private individuals.
هذه مقالة باللغة الانجليزية وقد تم ترجمتها للغة العربية ضمن مساق نظرية عمارة 2..
اتمني تكون مفيدة..
المقالة لاختي سميرة..
المقالة بالانجليزية..
Landscape design is the art, planning, design, management, preservation and rehabilitation of the land and the design of large-scale man-made constructs. The scope of the profession includes architectural design, site planning, estate development, environmental restoration, town or urban planning, park and recreation planning, regional planning, and historic preservation.
Landscape architects are considered professionals on par with architects and engineers, because they are often required to obtain specialized education and professional licensure, similar to the requirements for those other professional occupations.
Activities of a landscape architect can range from the creation of public parks and parkways to the site planning for corporate office buildings, from the design of residential estates to the design of civil infrastructures and the management of large wilderness areas or reclamation of degraded landscapes such as mines or landfills.
Landscape architects work on all types of external space - large or small, urban or rural, and with 'hard'/'soft' materials, hydrology and ecological issues.
The most valuable contribution is often made at the earliest stage of a project in generating ideas and bringing flair and creativity to the use of space. The landscape architect can contribute to the overall concept and prepare an initial master plan, from which detailed designs can subsequently be prepared. He or she can also let and supervise contracts for construction work, prepare design impact assessments, conduct environmental assessments or audits and act as an expert witness at enquiries on land use. He or she can also support or prepare applications for capital or revenue funding grants.
Landscape designers are involved in garden, landscape design and creation of all types of outdoor green spaces. Many work in public offices in central and local government. Others work in private practice and act as consultants to public authorities, industry and commerce, and to private individuals.